CTET 2 Social Science 12 Jan 2023 Paper

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Question Numbers: 91-99
Read the passage given below and answer the question that follow :
1. The mind is always very defiant. If we are trying hard to concentrate on the Light, for instance, it will resist revolt and drag us everywhere else but to the Light. And this tussle continues every day for everyone.
2. Understanding this trait of the human mind, sages and scriptures have suggested that instead of trying to control it, one must put the mind completely aside. Stop treating the mind as an opponent that needs to be won over; instead we need to use it wherever and whenever it is required, as a friendly tool to assist us in our lives. And at the same time, also realise and go beyond the mind, where pure awareness awaits us. This journey follows three stages-concentration, meditation and mindfulness.
3. Concentration is disciplining the mind, but meditation is going beyond the mind. People think that meditation is all about concentrating on some object, like a source of light, or inhaling-exhaling our breath. Meditation is neither of these. It is not a mind activity. Meditation means dropping everything. In dropping, we become a witness and then, when one becomes a witness, what remains is pure awareness. This is a beautiful space of solitude.
4. The second stage, which is meditation, is not a struggle against the mind, but in a way, it is a process to observe, understand and experience the mind, and in turn have a glimpse of existence. When concentration ceases and one simply enjoys one's pure being, meditation arises. This state of pure being too is a process and one can arrive at it just by being indifferent to one's thoughts. Then there is a third state which is called mindfulness, a state of unadulterated awareness. We continue to do our daily chores but are always mindful, always aware. The Buddha calls it 'right mindfulness'. It is a pure space of no-mind.
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