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Question Numbers: 86-90
Read the given passage and answer the following questions -
A fascinating process involving extraction is the use of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain essential oils. This method, known as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), is a fascinating alternative to traditional distillation or solvent extraction.
Here's how it works: Carbon dioxide, when heated above 31°C and pressurized beyond 73 atmospheres, enters a supercritical state where it behaves like both a gas and a liquid. In this state, it can diffuse through plant material like a gas while dissolving essential oils like a liquid. This dual capability makes supercritical CO2 exceptionally effective at drawing out valuable aromatic compounds from plants.
The process involves placing the plant material in an extraction chamber and pumping in supercritical CO2. The CO2 dissolves the essential oils, then passes into a separation chamber where the pressure is reduced, causing the CO2 to revert to its gaseous state. This leaves behind a pure, solvent-free essential oil. The CO2 can then be recycled back into the system, making the process highly efficient and environmentally friendly.
Supercritical CO2 extraction is particularly valuable because it produces oils that are purer and more potent than those obtained using heat or chemical solvents. It's a gentle method that preserves delicate aromatic compounds, which would otherwise degrade at high temperatures.
Despite the sophistication and precision required for this process, its benefits are immense, particularly for the perfume and aromatherapy industries, which rely on high-quality, unadulterated essential oils.
Read the given passage and answer the following questions -
A fascinating process involving extraction is the use of supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain essential oils. This method, known as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), is a fascinating alternative to traditional distillation or solvent extraction.
Here's how it works: Carbon dioxide, when heated above 31°C and pressurized beyond 73 atmospheres, enters a supercritical state where it behaves like both a gas and a liquid. In this state, it can diffuse through plant material like a gas while dissolving essential oils like a liquid. This dual capability makes supercritical CO2 exceptionally effective at drawing out valuable aromatic compounds from plants.
The process involves placing the plant material in an extraction chamber and pumping in supercritical CO2. The CO2 dissolves the essential oils, then passes into a separation chamber where the pressure is reduced, causing the CO2 to revert to its gaseous state. This leaves behind a pure, solvent-free essential oil. The CO2 can then be recycled back into the system, making the process highly efficient and environmentally friendly.
Supercritical CO2 extraction is particularly valuable because it produces oils that are purer and more potent than those obtained using heat or chemical solvents. It's a gentle method that preserves delicate aromatic compounds, which would otherwise degrade at high temperatures.
Despite the sophistication and precision required for this process, its benefits are immense, particularly for the perfume and aromatherapy industries, which rely on high-quality, unadulterated essential oils.
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