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NCERT Class XII Mathematics Chapter - - Solutions

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Exercise - 7.4
Integrate the functions in Exercises 86 to 108.
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Question : 107 of 271
Marks: +1, -0
x+3x2−2x−5\frac{x+3}{x^2-2x-5}
Solution:  
Let I=∫x+3x2−2x−5dxI=\int \frac{x+3}{x^2-2x-5} dx
Put x+3=A(ddx(x2−2x−5))+Bx+3=A\left(\frac{d}{dx}(x^2-2x-5)\right)+B =A(2x−2)+B=A(2x-2)+B ... (i)
Comparing the coefficient of x in (i), we get 1=2A⇒A=121 = 2A \Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}
Comparing the constant terms in (i), we get 3=B−2A3 = B - 2A ⇒3=B−1\Rightarrow 3 = B - 1 ⇒B=4\Rightarrow B = 4
I=∫12(2x−2)+4x2−2x−5dxI=\int \frac{\frac{1}{2}(2x-2)+4}{x^2-2x-5} dx
=12∫2x−2x2−2x−5dx+4∫dxx2−2x−5=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{2x-2}{x^2-2x-5} dx+4\int \frac{dx}{x^2-2x-5}
Let I=12I1+4I2I=\frac{1}{2}I_1+4I_2 ... (ii)
where I1=∫2x−2x2−2x−5dxI_1=\int \frac{2x-2}{x^2-2x-5} dx
Put x2−2x−5=tx^2 - 2x - 5 = t ⇒(2x−2)dx=dt\Rightarrow (2x - 2) dx = dt
∴I1=∫dtt=log⁡∣t∣\therefore I_1=\int \frac{dt}{t}=\log{|t|} =log⁡∣x2−2x−5∣+C1=\log{| x^2 - 2x - 5 |}+C_1 ... (iii)
and I2=∫dxx2−2x−5=∫dx(x−1)2−6I_2=\int \frac{dx}{x^2 - 2x - 5 } =\int \frac{dx}{ (x-1)^2 - 6 }
=∫dx(x−1)2−(6)2=\int \frac{dx}{(x-1)^2 - (\sqrt{6})^2 }
=126log⁡∣x−1−6x−1+6∣+C2=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{6}} \log{\left| \frac{x-1-\sqrt{6}}{x-1+\sqrt{6}} \right|}+C_2 .. (iv)
Hence from (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
∴I=12log⁡∣(x2−2x−5)∣+26log⁡∣x−1−6x−1+6∣+C\therefore I = \frac{1}{2} \log{| (x^2 - 2x - 5) |}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{6}} \log{\left| \frac{x-1-\sqrt{6}}{x-1+\sqrt{6}} \right|}+C
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