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NCERT Class XII Mathematics Chapter - - Solutions

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Exercise - 7.4
Integrate the functions in Exercises 86 to 108.
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Question : 104 of 271
Marks: +1, -0
6x+7(x−5)(x−4)\frac{6x+7}{\sqrt{(x-5)(x-4)}}
Solution:  
Let I=∫6x+7(x−5)(x−4)dxI=\int \frac{6x+7}{\sqrt{(x-5)(x-4)}}dx =∫6x+7x2−9x+20dx=\int \frac{6x+7}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}}dx
Put 6x+7=A(ddx(x2−9x+20))+B6x+7=A\left(\frac{d}{dx}(x^2-9x+20)\right)+B
⇒6x+7=A(2x−9)+B\Rightarrow 6x+7=A(2x-9)+B ... (i)
Comparing coefficient of x in (i), we get 2A=6⇒A=32A=6\Rightarrow A=3
Comparing constant terms in (i), we get 7=−9A+B7=-9A+B ⇒7=−9×3+B\Rightarrow 7=-9\times 3+B ⇒B=34\Rightarrow B=34
∴I=∫3(2x−9)+34x2−9x+20dx\therefore I=\int \frac{3(2x-9)+34}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}}dx
I=3∫2x−9x2−9x+20dx+34∫dxx2−9x+20I=3\int \frac{2x-9}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}}dx+34\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}}
Let I=3I1+34I2I=3I_1+34I_2 ... (ii)
where, I1=∫2x−9x2−9x+20dxI_1=\int \frac{2x-9}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}}dx
Put x2−9x+20=tx^2-9x+20=t ⇒(2x−9)dx=dt\Rightarrow (2x-9)dx=dt
∴I1=dtt\therefore I_1=\frac{dt}{\sqrt{t}} =2t1/2+C1=2t^{1/2}+C_1 =2x2−9x+20+C1=2\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}+C_1 ... (iii)
and, I2=∫dxx2−9x+20I_2=\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}}
=∫dxx2−9x+(92)2−(92)2+20=\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{x^2-9x+\left(\frac{9}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{9}{2}\right)^2+20}}
=∫dx(x−92)2−814+20=\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2-\frac{81}{4}+20}}
=∫dx(x−92)2−(12)2=\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}}
=log⁡∣(x−92)+(x−92)2−(12)2∣+C2=\log\left|\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)+\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}\right|+C_2
=log⁡∣(x−92)+x2−9x+20∣+C2=\log\left|\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)+\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}\right|+C_2... (iv)
From (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
I=6x2−9x+20+34log⁡∣(x−92)+x2−9x+20∣+CI=6\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}+34\log\left|\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)+\sqrt{x^2-9x+20}\right|+C
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