Concept:The All India Depressed Classes Leaders' Conference in Bombay in 1931, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, demanded separate electorates for untouchables to secure political representation.
Explanation:Dr. Ambedkar emerged as the chief leader of the depressed classes before the Round Table Conference (1930-31).
He founded organisations like the Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha (1924) and launched movements like the Mahad Satyagraha (1927) for public water access.
At the All India Depressed Classes Leaders' Conference in Bombay (May 1931), a major demand was separate electorates for untouchables.
This demand aimed to ensure that depressed classes could elect their own representatives, rather than relying on reserved seats within general electorates.
Other options: Universal adult suffrage (A) was a broader demand not specific to this conference; Reserved seats for minorities (C) was a later concept; A unitary state (D) was not a primary demand here.
The demand for separate electorates eventually led to the Poona Pact (1932), where Gandhi's fast forced a compromise — reserved seats instead of separate electorates.
Answer:Option B: Separate electorates for untouchables.