Concept:The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) aims at a common set of personal laws for all citizens, but its implementation creates a tension between the directive principle in Article 44 and the fundamental right to religious freedom under Article 25.
Explanation:Article 44, a Directive Principle, asks the state to secure a Uniform Civil Code for all citizens to promote national unity and equality.
Article 25 guarantees every person the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate religion, which includes following community-specific personal laws on marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption.
The constitutional dilemma arises because a uniform code may override these religion-based personal laws, potentially infringing on the religious freedom protected under Article 25.
While Article 44 supports the secular goal of equal treatment, its enforcement must balance uniformity with the pluralistic religious diversity of India.
The Supreme Court has often advocated for UCC but emphasized voluntary adoption to avoid conflict with fundamental rights.
Answer:D. UCC aligns with Article 44 but may be seen to infringe upon religious freedom under Article 25