Concept: Total Grade = Grade 1 – Grade 2 Length of curve =(
Total grade
Rate of change of grade per chain length
)×Length of chain Calculation: An upgrade of + 1.2% joins another upgrade of + 0.8%. Grade = + 1.2 – (+ 0.8) = 0.4 % (Upward) Change of grade is 0.1% per 20 m chain. L=(