Solutions Part 2

Concept:Henry’s law states that at constant temperature, the partial pressure of a gas above a solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction in the solution.Explanation:From Henry’s law: $P_{\mathrm{CO}_2} = K_H \cdot X_{\mathrm{CO}_2}$.Taking logarithms on both sides: $\log P_{\mathrm{CO}_2} = \log K_H + \log X_{\mathrm{CO}_2}$.This is in the form $y = c + mx$ with $y = \log P$, $x = \log X$, slope $m = 1$, and intercept $c = \log K_H$.Since the slope is exactly 1, the graph of $\log P$ (y‑axis) vs $\log X$ (x‑axis) will be a straight line with a positive slope of 1.The intercept $\log K_H$ is positive because $K_H > 1$ at $25\,{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ for $\mathrm{CO}_2$.Therefore, the correct plot is the one that shows a straight line with slope 1 and a positive y‑intercept.Answer:The correct option is the graph that displays a straight line with slope 1 (i.e., making a $45^\circ$ angle with the positive x‑axis) and a positive intercept on the y‑axis. (From the given options, this corresponds to the plot with a straight line rising from left to right.)