Concept:Article 22 of the Indian Constitution protects individuals from arbitrary arrest and detention by providing specific procedural safeguards.
Explanation:Article 22 applies to all persons, citizens and non-citizens alike.
It comes into effect after an arrest has taken place.
The key safeguards under Article 22 are:
- The arrested person must be told the reasons for arrest immediately (Article 22(1)).
- He/she has the right to consult and be defended by a lawyer (Article 22(1)).
- The arrested person must be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours of arrest (Article 22(2)).
- No one can be kept in custody beyond the period ordered by the magistrate (Article 22(3)).
These safeguards do not apply to enemy aliens or persons arrested under preventive detention laws.
The overall purpose is to prevent ill-treatment, torture, or arbitrary detention during arrest or custody.
Answer:A. Right not to be ill-treated during arrest or while in custody