Concept:Word formation refers to the ways new words are created in a language. It mainly involves modifying existing words or inventing entirely new ones.
Explanation:The main processes of word formation include compounding (joining two separate words to make a new one, e.g., ''blackboard'') and conversion (changing a word's grammatical class without altering its form, e.g., ''email'' as noun and verb).
Other processes like affixation, blending, clipping, and borrowing also exist, but compounding and conversion are the most fundamental.
Thus, the process of word formation essentially consists of these two core methods.
Answer:Option A: compounding and conversion