Concept:Learner-centered approach prioritizes the child’s active role, where students take initiative and effort in constructing their own learning.
Explanation:This approach places learners at the center of the teaching-learning process.
It respects each child’s pace, interests, and prior experiences.
The teacher acts as a facilitator, not a dictator.
Methods include inquiry-based activities, problem-solving, experiential learning, and group work.
Students are encouraged to explore, question, and discover concepts on their own.
Option A describes teacher-centered methods, which is opposite.
Option C suggests teachers conclude for learners, which contradicts learner agency.
Option D refers to traditional expository methods where learners passively receive information.
Only option B correctly captures the essence: learners’ own initiative and efforts are involved in learning.
Answer:B. methods where learners own initiative and efforts are involved in learning