Concept:Language assessment evaluates a learner's ability to use a language in real situations, not just memorized content.
Explanation:Language proficiency means using language accurately and fluently in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
It focuses on what learners can do with the language, not what they remember from a textbook.
Achievement measures performance on specific course content, which is narrower.
Comparing learners to peers is norm-referenced and does not show individual ability.
Summative assessment captures final outcomes but may miss functional use.
Hence, language assessment aims at broader, real-world communicative competence.
Answer:The language proficiency of learners (Option B).