Concept:EVS focuses on the social environment and surroundings of learners. Group activities must promote harmony, tolerance, and equal participation without any discrimination.
Explanation:The teacher should not separate boys and girls or group students by marks. Making only two large groups does not allow proper involvement of all. The key is to form groups that encourage cooperation and participation of every member. This is achieved through three benefits:
1. Positive Interdependence – Members share common goals, resources, and a group identity (e.g., a group name). This builds helping and encouraging attitudes.
2. Individual Accountability – Every student has a personal task, and the group also has a collective task. For example, each member collects different items like pebbles or leaves, and together they organise the collection and name it.
3. Equal Status Interactions – All members interact respectfully. The teacher must know each student well and handle situations sensitively to ensure equal status in the group.
Thus, the teacher’s role is to ensure that groups enable cooperation and participation of all members without any bias.
Answer:Option D: ensure cooperation and participation of all members