Concept:Readiness for learning is the current cognitive level of a student on the learning continuum. It reflects mental and emotional preparedness to learn. Explanation:Readiness is not about general ability (option A) but the specific stage where a student stands. Thorndike’s Law of Readiness states that learning is most effective when the learner is ready. Option B correctly defines readiness as the present cognitive level in the learning continuum. Option C describes the Law of Effect, not readiness. Option D only names the law, not its meaning. Therefore, “Readiness for learning” refers to the student’s current cognitive position, not their general ability or a theoretical rule. Answer:B. Present cognitive level of students in the learning continuum