Concept:Constructivism says learners actively build knowledge using their existing experiences. Learning is not passive reception but a process of extending and transforming what you already know.Explanation:In constructivism, you start with prior ideas and test them against new experiences. This makes you rethink and reshape your understanding. Option A describes behaviorism (tabula rasa), where the mind is a blank slate receiving associations passively. Option B shows passive influence by environment, which contradicts the active role in constructivism. Option C refers to conditioning, a behaviorist method using reinforcement. Option D matches the constructivist idea: learning means building on and changing your current knowledge. For example, a student observing plant growth may revise an earlier misconception. The focus is on internal meaning-making, not external drills.Answer:D. Learning is extending and transforming the current understanding.