APJ Abdul Kalam was an Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He is popularly known as 'Missile Man of India' for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology. In 1997, Kalam received India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna for his immense and valuable contribution to the Scientific Research and Modernisation of Defense Technology in India.