Concept:Polya’s problem-solving model has four sequential steps: understand the problem, devise a plan, carry out the plan, and look back (check and interpret). The question asks which option correctly matches the stage name with its number.
Explanation:Polya’s four stages are:
- Stage 1: Understand the problem – clarify what is given and what is required.
- Stage 2: Devise a plan – choose a strategy to solve the problem.
- Stage 3: Carry out the plan – execute the chosen strategy.
- Stage 4: Look back – verify the answer and reflect on the method.
Option A: Stage 3 is defined as “Define, understand and think about the problem” – this is actually Stage 1, so incorrect.
Option B: Stage 2 is “Devise a plan for solution” – this exactly matches Polya’s second step. Correct.
Option C: Stage 4 is “Assess the plan” – Polya’s Stage 4 is “Look back” or check; “assess the plan” is not the standard term, though close, but the phrasing “Assess the plan” usually refers to evaluating the plan itself, which belongs to Stage 2 or 3. However, the correct labeling in the given options is B.
Option D: Stage 1 is “Carry out the plan” – this is actually Stage 3, so incorrect.
Answer:Option B (Stage 2: Devise a plan for solution) is the correct pair according to Polya’s stages.