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NCERT Class XII Mathematics Chapter - - Solutions

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Exercise - 7.5
Integrate the rational functions in Exercises 111 to 131.
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Question : 114 of 271
Marks: +1, -0
x(x−1)(x−2)(x−3)\frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}
Solution:  
Let I=∫x(x−1)(x−2)(x−3)dxI=\int\frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}dx
Let x(x−1)(x−2)(x−3)\frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)} =Ax−1+Bx−2+Cx−3=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x-2}+\frac{C}{x-3}
⇒ x = A(x – 2) (x – 3) + B(x – 1) (x – 3) + C(x – 1) (x – 2) ...(i)
Putting x = 1 in (i), we get 1 = A(1 – 2) (1 – 3) ⇒ A =12=\frac{1}{2}
Putting x = 2 in (i), we get 2 = B(2 – 1) (2 – 3) ⇒ B = – 2
Putting x = 3 in (i), we get 3 = C (3 – 1) (3 – 2) ⇒ C = 32\frac{3}{2}
∴x(x−1)(x−2)(x−3)\therefore\frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)} =12(x−1)−2x−2+32(x−3)=\frac{1}{2(x-1)}-\frac{2}{x-2}+\frac{3}{2(x-3)}
∴∫x(x−1)(x−2)(x−3)dx\therefore\int\frac{x}{(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)}dx =12∫1x−1dx−2∫1x−2+32∫1x−3=\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{1}{x-1}dx-2\int\frac{1}{x-2}+\frac{3}{2}\int\frac{1}{x-3}
=12log⁡∣x−1∣−2log⁡∣x−2∣+32log⁡∣x−3∣+C=\frac{1}{2}\log{|x-1|}-2\log{|x-2|}+\frac{3}{2}\log{|x-3|}+C
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