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NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Straight Lines - Solutions

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Question : 66 of 74
Marks: +1, -0
Show that the equation of the line passing through the origin and making an angle θ with the line y = mx + c is yx\frac{y}{x} = m±tanθ1mtanθ\frac{m\pm\tan\theta}{1\mp m\tan\theta}.
Solution:  
The given equation of a line is
y = mx + c ... (1)
Slope of (1) is m
Let n be the slope of the required line, then tan θ = nm1+nm\left|\frac{n-m}{1+nm}\right|
⇒ tan θ = ± (nm1+nm)\left(\frac{n-m}{1+nm}\right)
Case (i) : When tan θ = nm1+nm\frac{n-m}{1+nm}
Then tanθ + nm tanθ = n – m ⇒ nm tanθ – n = – m – tanθ
⇒ n = m+tanθ1mtanθ\frac{m+\tan\theta}{1-m\tan\theta}
∴ Equation of the required line through the origin is y – 0 = n (x – 0)
i.e., y = (m+tanθ1mtanθ)x\left(\frac{m+\tan\theta}{1-m\tan\theta}\right)xyx\frac{y}{x} = m+tanθ1mtanθ\frac{m+\tan\theta}{1-m\tan\theta} ... (2)
Case (ii) : When tan θ = − (nm1+mn)\left(\frac{n-m}{1+mn}\right)
Then tanθ + mn tanθ = – n + m ⇒ n(1 + m tanθ) = m – tanθ
⇒ n = mtanθ1+mtanθ\frac{m-\tan\theta}{1+m\tan\theta}
Hence, from (2) and (3), equation of line is yx\frac{y}{x} = m±tanθ1mtanθ\frac{m\pm\tan\theta}{1\mp m\tan\theta}.
Hence proved.
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