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NCERT Class XI Chemistry Thermodynamics Solutions

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Question : 5 of 22
Marks: +1, -0
The enthalpy of combustion of methane, graphite and dihydrogen at 298 K are, –890.3 kJmol1\mathrm{kJ\,mol}^{-1} , –393.5 kJmol1\mathrm{kJ\,mol}^{-1} and –285.8 kJmol1\mathrm{kJ\,mol}^{-1} respectively.
Enthalpy of formation of CH4(g)\mathrm{CH}_{4(g)} will be
Solution:  
CH4+2O2\mathrm{CH_4}+2\mathrm{O_2}CO2+2H2O\mathrm{CO_2}+2\mathrm{H_2O} ; ΔH = - 890.3 kJ ... (1)
C + O2\mathrm{O_2}CO2\mathrm{CO_2} ; ΔH = - 393.5 kJ ... (2)
H2+12O2\mathrm{H_2}+\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{O_2}H2O\mathrm{H_2O} ; ΔH = - 285.8 kJ or 2H2+O22\mathrm{H_2}+\mathrm{O_2}2H2O2\mathrm{H_2O} ; ΔH = - 571.6 kJ ... (3)
Add equations (2) and (3) and subtract equation (1) we get, C + 2H22\mathrm{H_2}CH4\mathrm{CH_4}
ΔH = –393.5 – 571.6 + 890.3 = –74.8 kJ/mol
∴ Enthalpy of formation of CH4\mathrm{CH_4} is –74.8 kJ/mol.
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