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NCERT Class XII Mathematics Chapter - - Solutions

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Exercise - 7.6
Integrate the functions in Exercises 134 to 155.
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Question : 142 of 271
Marks: +1, -0
xcos⁡−1xx\cos^{-1}x
Solution:  
Let I=∫xcos⁡−1x dxI=\int x\cos^{-1}x\,dx =∫cos⁡−1x⋅x dx=\int\cos^{-1}x\cdot x\,dx
=cos⁡−1x∫x dx−∫(ddxcos⁡−1x∫x dx)dx=\cos^{-1}x\int x\,dx-\int\left(\frac{d}{dx}\cos^{-1}x \int x\,dx\right)dx
=cos⁡−1xx22−∫−11−x2⋅x22dx=\cos^{-1}x\frac{x^2}{2}-\int\frac{-1}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\cdot\frac{x^2}{2}dx
=x22cos⁡−1x+12∫x21−x2dx=\frac{x^2}{2}\cos^{-1}x+\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}dx
∴I=x22cos⁡−1x+12I1\therefore I=\frac{x^2}{2}\cos^{-1}x+\frac{1}{2}I_1 ...(i)
where I1=∫x21−x2dxI_1=\int\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}dx
Put x=cos⁡θx = \cos\theta ⇒dx=−sin⁡θ dθ\Rightarrow dx = -\sin\theta\,d\theta
∴I1=∫cos⁡2θ(−sin⁡θ)1−cos⁡2θdθ\therefore I_1=\int\frac{\cos^2\theta(-\sin\theta)}{\sqrt{1-\cos^2\theta}}d\theta
=−∫cos⁡2θ dθ=−12∫(1+cos⁡2θ)dθ=-\int\cos^2\theta\,d\theta=-\frac{1}{2}\int(1+\cos2\theta)d\theta
=−12(θ+sin⁡2θ2)+C=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\theta+\frac{\sin2\theta}{2}\right)+C
=−12(θ+12×2sin⁡θcos⁡θ)+C=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\theta+\frac{1}{2}\times 2\sin\theta\cos\theta\right)+C
=−12(θ+cos⁡θ1−cos⁡2θ)+C=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\theta+\cos\theta\sqrt{1-\cos^2\theta}\right)+C
=−12(cos⁡−1x+x1−x2+C)=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\cos^{-1}x+x\sqrt{1-x^2}+C\right)... (ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get
I=(2x2−1)cos⁡−1x4−x41−x2+CI=\frac{(2x^2-1)\cos^{-1}x}{4}-\frac{x}{4}\sqrt{1-x^2}+C
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