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NCERT Class XII Mathematics Chapter - - Solutions

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Exercise - 7.5
Integrate the rational functions in Exercises 111 to 131.
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Question : 111 of 271
Marks: +1, -0
x(x+1)(x+2)\frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)}
Solution:  
Let I=∫x(x+1)(x+2)dxI = \int \frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)} dx
Let x(x+1)(x+2)=Ax+1+Bx+2\frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)} = \frac{A}{x+1} + \frac{B}{x+2}
⇒x=A(x+2)+B(x+1)\Rightarrow x = A(x+2) + B(x+1) ...(i)
Putting x=−1x = -1 in (i), we get −1=A(−1+2)-1 = A(-1+2) ⇒A=−1\Rightarrow A = -1
Putting x=−2x = -2 in (i), we get −2=B(−2+1)-2 = B(-2+1) ⇒B=2\Rightarrow B = 2
∴x(x+1)(x+2)=−1x+1+2x+2\therefore \frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)} = \frac{-1}{x+1} + \frac{2}{x+2}
∴I=∫x(x+1)(x+2)dx\therefore I = \int \frac{x}{(x+1)(x+2)} dx
=∫[−1x+1+2x+2]dx= \int \left[ \frac{-1}{x+1} + \frac{2}{x+2} \right] dx
=∫−1x+1dx+∫2x+2dx= \int \frac{-1}{x+1} dx + \int \frac{2}{x+2} dx
=−log⁡∣x+1∣+2log⁡∣x+2∣+C= -\log\lvert x+1\rvert + 2\log\lvert x+2\rvert + C
=−log⁡∣x+1∣+log⁡∣x+2∣2+C= -\log\lvert x+1\rvert + \log \lvert x+2\rvert^2 + C
=log⁡∣(x+2)2x+1∣+C= \log \left\lvert \frac{(x+2)^2}{x+1} \right\rvert + C
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