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NCERT Class XII Chemistry
Chapter - The Solid State
Questions with Solutions

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Question : 38 of 50
Marks: +1, -0
Distinguish between
(i) Hexagonal and monoclinic unit cells
(ii) Face-centred and end-centred unit cells.
Solution:  
(i) (a) Hexagonal unit cell : a = b ≠ c
α = β = 90°, γ = 120°
Examples are graphite, ZnO.
(b) Monoclinic unit cell : a ≠ b ≠ c
α = γ = 90°, β ≠ 90°
Examples are Na2SO4â‹…10H2O\mathrm{Na_2SO_4\cdot 10H_2O}, monoclinic S.
(ii) (a) Face-centred unit cell : Lattice points are at the corners and centre of each face.
No. of atoms per unit cell =8×18+6×12=4=8\times\frac{1}{8}+6\times\frac{1}{2}=4
(b) End-centred unit cell : Lattice points are at the corners and at the centres of two end faces.
No. of atoms per unit cell = 8×18+2×12=28\times\frac{1}{8}+2\times\frac{1}{2}=2
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