Write the mechanism of the following ...

NCERT Class XII Chemistry
Chapter - Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Questions with Solutions

Question : 15 of 31

Marks: +1, -0

Write the mechanism of the following reaction

\mathrm{nBuBr} + \mathrm{KCN} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{EtOH-H_2O}} \mathrm{nBuCN}

Solution:

The given reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1st order i.e.,

\mathrm{S_N1}

. The mechanism may be depicted as :

Step 1 : Generation of nucleophile

\mathrm{KCN} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{EtOH-H_2O}} \mathrm{K}^{+} + \overset{-}{\mathrm{C}}\equiv\mathrm{N}

Step 2 : Nucleophilic attack and formationof transition state :

Step 3 : Generation of product:

Thus, we have

\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2Br} + \mathrm{KCN} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{EtOH/H_2O}} \mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CN} + \mathrm{KBr}

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