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NCERT Class XII Chemistry
Chapter - Chemical Kinetics
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Question : 21 of 39
Marks: +1, -0
The following data were obtained during the first order thermal decomposition of SO2Cl2\mathrm{SO}_2\mathrm{Cl}_2 at a constant volume.
SO2Cl2(g)SO2(g)+Cl2(g)\mathrm{SO}_2\mathrm{Cl}_{2(g)} \rightarrow \mathrm{SO}_{2(g)} + \mathrm{Cl}_{2(g)}
 Experiment  Time/s1^{-1}  Total pressure/atm
 1  0  0.5
 2  100  0.6
Calculate the rate of the reaction when total pressure is 0.65 atm.
Solution:  
SO2Cl2(g)SO2(g)+Cl2(g)Let initial pressureP000Pressure at time tP0ppp\begin{array}{lcccc} \mathrm{SO}_2\mathrm{Cl}_{2(g)} & \rightarrow & \mathrm{SO}_{2(g)} & + & \mathrm{Cl}_{2(g)} \\ \text{Let initial pressure} & P_0 & & 0 & 0 \\ \text{Pressure at time } t & P_0 - p & & p & p \end{array}
Let initial pressure P0R0P_0 \propto R_0
Pressure at time t,Pt=P0p+p+p=P0+pt, P_t = P_0 - p + p + p = P_0 + p
  \therefore\; Pressure of reactant at time t=P0p=2P0PtRt = P_0 - p = 2P_0 - P_t \propto R
Using formula, k=2.303tlogP02P0Ptk = \frac{2.303}{t} \log \frac{P_0}{2P_0 - P_t}
When t=100s,t = 100 \, \text{s},
k=2.303100log0.52×0.50.6k = \frac{2.303}{100} \log \frac{0.5}{2 \times 0.5 - 0.6}
=2.303100log(1.25)= \frac{2.303}{100} \log(1.25)
=2.303100(0.0969)= \frac{2.303}{100}(0.0969)
=2.2316×103s1= 2.2316 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{s}^{-1}
When Pt=0.65P_t = 0.65 atm,
\therefore Pressure of SO2Cl2\mathrm{SO}_2\mathrm{Cl}_2 at time t(pSO2Cl2),t (p_{\mathrm{SO}_2\mathrm{Cl}_2}),
R=2P0ptR = 2P_0 - p_t
=2×0.500.65= 2 \times 0.50 - 0.65 atm $\\\;\;\;\;\;\;\;=0.35atmtextRateatthattime\text{atm}\\text{Rate at that time}=k \× p_{\ {SO}_{2} \ {Cl}_{2}}\\= (2.2316 \× 10^{-3}\ ) ×(0.35)\\=7.8 × 10^{-4} \ {atm} {s}^{-1}$
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