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NCERT Class XII Chapter
Atoms
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Question : 13 of 18
Marks: +1, -0
Obtain an expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom de-excites from level n to level (n – 1). For large n, show that this frequency equals the classical frequency of revolution of the electron in the orbit.
Solution:  
Let us first find the frequency of revolution of electron in the orbit classically.
In Bohr’s model velocity of electron in nth orbit, υ = nh2πmr\frac{nh}{2\pi mr}
where radius r = n2h2ε0πme2\frac{n^{2}h^{2}\varepsilon_{0}}{\pi me^{2}}
Thus orbital frequency of electron in nth orbit is
υ = v2πr\frac{v}{2\pi r} = nh2πmr2πr\frac{\frac{nh}{2\pi mr}}{2\pi r} ⇒ υ = nh4π2mr2\frac{nh}{4\pi^{2}mr^{2}} = nh4π2m[πme2π2h2ε0]2\frac{nh}{4\pi^{2}m}\left[\frac{\pi me^{2}}{\pi^{2}h^{2}\varepsilon_{0}}\right]^{2}
or υ = me44n3h3ε02\frac{me^{4}}{4n^{3}h^{3}\varepsilon_{0}^{2}} ... (i)
Now, let us find the frequency of radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom de-excites from level n to level (n – 1).
υ = mr48ε02h3[1nf21ni2]\frac{mr^{4}}{8\varepsilon_{0}^{2}h^{3}}\left[\frac{1}{n_{f}^{2}}-\frac{1}{n_{i}^{2}}\right] ⇒ υ = me48ε02h3[1(n1)21n2]\frac{me^{4}}{8\varepsilon_{0}^{2}h^{3}}\left[\frac{1}{(n-1)^{2}}-\frac{1}{n^{2}}\right]
or υ = me48ε02h3[2n1n2(n1)2]\frac{me^{4}}{8\varepsilon_{0}^{2}h^{3}}\left[\frac{2n-1}{n^{2}(n-1)^{2}}\right]
For large n, 2n – 1 ≈ 2n and n – 1 ≈ n,
frequency, υ = me48ε02h3[2nn4]\frac{me^{4}}{8\varepsilon_{0}^{2}h^{3}}\left[\frac{2n}{n^{4}}\right] or υ = me44n3h3ε02\frac{me^{4}}{4n^{3}h^{3}\varepsilon_{0}^{2}} ... (ii)
Equation (i) and (ii) are equal, hence for large value of n, the classical frequency of revolution of electron in nth orbit is same as frequency of radiation when electron de-excite from level n to (n – 1).
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