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Question : 5 of 14
Marks: +1, -0
An air bubble of volume 1.0 cm31.0\ \mathrm{cm}^3 rises from the bottom of a lake 40 m deep at a temperature of 12 °C. To what volume does it grow when it reaches the surface, which is at a temperature of 35°C?
Solution:  
When the air bubble is at depth of 40 m
Volume of air bubble V1=1.0 cm3=1.0×106 m3V_{1}=1.0\ \mathrm{cm}^{3}=1.0 \times 10^{-6}\ \mathrm{m}^{3}
Pressure of air bubble P1P_1 = 1 atm + 40 m depth of water = 1 atm + h1ρgh_1 \rho g
=1.013×105+40×103×9.8=4.93×105 Pa= 1.013 \times 10^5 + 40 \times 10^3 \times 9.8 = 4.93 \times 10^5\ \mathrm{Pa}
Temperature of air bubble T1=12+273=285 KT_{1}=12+273=285\ \mathrm{K}
When the air bubbles reaches at the surface of lake, pressure of air bubbles
P2=1P_{2}=1 atm =1.013×105 Pa=1.013 \times 10^{5}\ \mathrm{Pa}
Temperature of air bubble T2=35C=35+273=308 KT_2 = 35^{\circ}\mathrm{C} = 35 + 273 = 308\ \mathrm{K}
Volume of air bubbles = ?
Now, P1V1T1=P2V2T2\frac{P_{1} V_{1}}{T_{1}} = \frac{P_{2} V_{2}}{T_{2}}
V2=P1V1T2T1P2V_{2}= \frac{P_{1} V_{1} T_{2}}{T_{1} P_{2}} =4.93×105×1.0×106×308285×1.01×105= \frac{4.93 \times 10^{5} \times 1.0 \times 10^{-6} \times 308}{285 \times 1.01 \times 10^{5}} =5.275×106 m3=5.275 \times 10^{-6}\ \mathrm{m}^{3}
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