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NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Principle of Mathematical Induction - Solutions

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Question : 20 of 24
Marks: +1, -0
102n110^{2n-1} + 1 is divisible by 11.
Solution:  
Let the given statement be P(n), i.e.,
P (n) : 102n110^{2n-1} + 1 is divisible by 11.
First we prove that the statement is true for n = 1,
P(1) : 102110^{2 – 1} + 1 = 10 + 1 = 11 is divisible by 11.
Assume P(k) is true for some positive integer k, i.e., 102k110^{2k-1} + 1 is divisible by 11 ,
i.e., 102k110^{2k-1} + 1 = 11 l , where l ∊ N ... (i)
Now we shall prove that P(k + 1) is true.
For this we have to prove that 102(k+1)110^{2(k + 1)–1} + 1 is divisible by 11.
Let us consider, 102(k+1)110^{2(k + 1) – 1} + 1 = 102k+2110^{2k + 2 – 1} + 1
= 102k110210^{2k – 1} 10^2 + 1 = (11l – 1) 10210^2 + 1 [From (i)]
= 1100l – 100 + 1 = 1100l – 99 = 11(100l – 9)
Thus 102(k+1)110^{2(k + 1) – 1} + 1 is divisible by 11.
∴ P(k + 1) is true, whenever P(k) is true.
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