NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations - Solutions

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Question : 45
Total: 52
Find the modulus and argument of the complex number
1+2i
1−3i

Solution:  
We have ,
1+2i
1−3i
=
1+2i
1−3i
×
1+3i
1+3i

=
1+3i+2i−6
1+9
=
−5+5i
10
= -
1
2
+
1
2
i

Let -
1
2
=rcosθ
... (i) and
1
2
= r sin θ ... (ii)
Squaring and adding (i) and (ii), we get
r2(cos2θ+sin2θ) =
1
4
+
1
4
=
2
4
=
1
2
⇒ r2 =
1
2
⇒ r =
1
√2

Substituting the value of r in (i) and (ii), we get
1
√2
cos θ = −
1
2
,
1
√2
sin θ =
1
2
⇒ cos θ = −
1
√2
, sin θ =
1
√2

⇒ cos θ = - cos (
Ï€
4
)
, sin θ = sin
Ï€
4

Here, cos θ < 0 , sin θ > 0.
∴ θ lies in second quadrant.
θ = π -
Ï€
4
=
3Ï€
4

∴ Modulus is
1
√2
and argument is
3Ï€
4

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