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NCERT Class XI Mathematics - Binomial Theorem - Solutions

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Question : 13 of 36
Marks: +1, -0
Show that 9n+19^{n+1} - 8n - 9 is divisible by 64, whenever n is a positive integer .
Solution:  
We have to prove that 9n+19^{n+1} - 8n - 9 = 64k
9n+19^{n+1} - 8n - 9 = (8+1)n+1(8+1)^{n+1} - 8n - 9 [put 9 = 8 + 1]
= [(n+18)n+1++(n+1n2)83\binom{n+1}{8}^{n+1} + \dots + \binom{n+1}{n-2} 8^{3} + (n+1n1)82+(n+1n)8+(n+1n+1)\binom{n+1}{n-1} 8^{2} + \binom{n+1}{n} 8 + \binom{n+1}{n+1}] - 8n - 9
= (n+18)n+1\binom{n+1}{8}^{n+1} + ... + (n+1n2)83\binom{n+1}{n-2} 8^{3} + (n+1n1)82\binom{n+1}{n-1} 8^{2} + (n + 1) 8 + 1 - 8n - 9
= (n+18)n+1\binom{n+1}{8}^{n+1} + ... + (n+1n2)83\binom{n+1}{n-2} 8^{3} + (n+1n1)82\binom{n+1}{n-1} 8^{2}
= 828^{2} [(n+10)8n1++(n+1n2)8\binom{n+1}{0} 8^{n-1} + \dots + \binom{n+1}{n-2} 8 + (n+1n1)\binom{n+1}{n-1}]
= 64k [Where , k = (n+10)8n1\binom{n+1}{0} 8^{n-1} + ... + (n+1n1)\binom{n+1}{n-1}]
Hence, 9n+19^{n+1} - 8n - 9 is divisible by 64, whenever n is a positive integer.
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